Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.1 code implementation • 29 May 2023 • Zi Wang , Alexander Ku , Jason Baldridge , Thomas L. Griffiths , Been Kim. Our experiments show it can (1) probe a model's representations of concepts even with a very small number of examples, (2) accurately measure both epistemic uncertainty (how confident the probe is) and aleatory uncertainty (how ...Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.Motivated by this success, we explore a Vector-quantized Image Modeling (VIM) approach that involves pretraining a Transformer to predict rasterized image tokens autoregressively. The discrete image tokens are encoded from a learned Vision-Transformer-based VQGAN (ViT-VQGAN). But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.This strategy can naturally tap into the rich body of prior work on large language models, which have seen continued advances in capabilities and performance through scaling data and model sizes. Our approach is simple: First, Parti uses a Transformer-based image tokenizer, ViT-VQGAN, to encode images as sequences of discrete tokens.A vector quantization library originally transcribed from Deepmind's tensorflow implementation, made conveniently into a package. It uses exponential moving averages to update the dictionary. VQ has been successfully used by Deepmind and OpenAI for high quality generation of images (VQ-VAE-2) and music (Jukebox). We first propose multiple improvements over vanilla VQGAN from architecture to codebook learning, yielding better efficiency and reconstruction fidelity. The improved ViT-VQGAN further improves vector-quantized image modeling tasks, including unconditional, class-conditioned image generation and unsupervised representation learning.The Vector-Quantized (VQ) codebook is first introduced in VQVAE , which aims to learn discrete priors to encode images. The following work VQGAN proposes a perceptual codebook by further using perceptual loss and adversarial training objectives . We briefly describe the VQGAN model with its codebook in this section, and more details can be ...Image-Text Pre-training with Contrastive Captioners ... 2022 Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN May 17, 2022 Contextual Rephrasing in Google ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...一、改进点： 1.stage1（image quantization ViT-VQGAN）： 基于ViT的VQGAN encoder。 基于VQGAN做了从架构到码本学习方式的多种改进——>提升了efficiency和reconstruction fidelity. 包括logits-laplace loss，L2 loss，adversarial loss 和 perceptual loss. 2.stage2（vector-quantized image modeling VIM）： 学习了一个自回归的transformer，包括无条件生成/类条件生成/无监督表示学习。But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Current image-to-image translation methods formulate the task with conditional generation models, leading to learning only the recolorization or regional changes as being constrained by the rich structural information provided by the conditional contexts. In this work, we propose introducing the vector quantization technique into the image-to-image translation framework. The vector quantized ...Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN Jiahui Yu, Xin Li, Jing Yu Koh, Han Zhang, Ruoming Pang, James Qin, Alexander Ku, Yuanzhong Xu, Jason Baldridge, Yonghui Wu ICLR 2022. BEiT v2: Masked Image Modeling with Vector-Quantized Visual Tokenizers Zhiliang Peng, Li Dong, Hangbo Bao, Qixiang Ye, Furu Wei arXiv 2022.Motivated by this success, we explore a Vector-quantized Image Modeling (VIM) approach that involves pretraining a Transformer to predict rasterized image tokens autoregressively. The discrete image tokens are encoded from a learned Vision-Transformer-based VQGAN (ViT-VQGAN). Motivated by this success, we explore a Vector-quantized Image Modeling (VIM) approach that involves pretraining a Transformer to predict rasterized image tokens autoregressively. The discrete image tokens are encoded from a learned Vision-Transformer-based VQGAN (ViT-VQGAN). Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.Image-Text Pre-training with Contrastive Captioners ... 2022 Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN مئی 17, 2022 Contextual Rephrasing in Google ...Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN may 17, 2022 ... Image-Text Pre-training with Contrastive Captioners ... Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ...Image-Text Pre-training with Contrastive Captioners ... 2022 Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN مئی 17, 2022 Contextual Rephrasing in Google ...DALL-E 2 - Pytorch. Implementation of DALL-E 2, OpenAI's updated text-to-image synthesis neural network, in Pytorch.. Yannic Kilcher summary | AssemblyAI explainer. The main novelty seems to be an extra layer of indirection with the prior network (whether it is an autoregressive transformer or a diffusion network), which predicts an image embedding based on the text embedding from CLIP.Overview of the proposed ViT-VQGAN (left) and VIM (right), which, when working together, is capable of both image generation and image understanding…We first propose multiple improvements over vanilla VQGAN from architecture to codebook learning, yielding better efficiency and reconstruction fidelity. The improved ViT-VQGAN further improves vector-quantized image modeling tasks, including unconditional, class-conditioned image generation and unsupervised representation learning.Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.The discrete image tokens are encoded from a learned Vision-Transformer-based VQGAN (ViT-VQGAN). We first propose multiple improvements over vanilla VQGAN from architecture to codebook learning, yielding better efficiency and reconstruction fidelity. The improved ViT-VQGAN further improves vector-quantized image modeling tasks, including ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN. 2 code implementations • ICLR 2022 Motivated by this success, we explore a Vector-quantized Image Modeling (VIM) approach that involves pretraining a Transformer to predict rasterized image tokens autoregressively.But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...1 code implementation • 29 May 2023 • Zi Wang , Alexander Ku , Jason Baldridge , Thomas L. Griffiths , Been Kim. Our experiments show it can (1) probe a model's representations of concepts even with a very small number of examples, (2) accurately measure both epistemic uncertainty (how confident the probe is) and aleatory uncertainty (how ...Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN. Pretraining language models with next-token prediction on massive text corpora has delivered phenomenal zero-shot, few-shot, transfer learning and multi-tasking capabilities on both generative and discriminative language tasks.“Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN” proposes a two-stage model that reinvents classic image quantization methods to produce better picture generation and image understanding tasks. The first step is to encode an image into discrete latent codes of lesser dimensions using an image quantization model called VQGAN.Image encoders compress an image into smaller dimensions, sometimes even quantized into a discrete space (such as the VQGAN from taming-transformers used in Craiyon). In this article, we try to reproduce the results from ViT-VQGAN (" Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN ") and experiment with further adaptations.Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.一、改进点： 1.stage1（image quantization ViT-VQGAN）： 基于ViT的VQGAN encoder。 基于VQGAN做了从架构到码本学习方式的多种改进——>提升了efficiency和reconstruction fidelity. 包括logits-laplace loss，L2 loss，adversarial loss 和 perceptual loss. 2.stage2（vector-quantized image modeling VIM）： 学习了一个自回归的transformer，包括无条件生成/类条件生成/无监督表示学习。 Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...The improved ViT-VQGAN further improves vector-quantized image modeling tasks, including unconditional, class-conditioned image generation and unsupervised representation learning. When trained on ImageNet at 256x256 resolution, we achieve Inception Score (IS) of 175.1 and Fr'echet Inception Distance (FID) of 4.17, a dramatic improvement over ...The improved ViT-VQGAN further improves vector-quantized image modeling tasks, including unconditional, class-conditioned image generation and unsupervised representation learning. When trained on ImageNet at 256x256 resolution, we achieve Inception Score (IS) of 175.1 and Fr'echet Inception Distance (FID) of 4.17, a dramatic improvement over ...Motivated by this success, we explore a Vector-quantized Image Modeling (VIM) approach that involves pretraining a Transformer to predict rasterized image tokens autoregressively. The discrete image tokens are encoded from a learned Vision-Transformer-based VQGAN (ViT-VQGAN). We first propose multiple improvements over vanilla VQGAN from ...Vision transformers (ViTs) have gained popularity recently. Even without customized image operators such as convolutions, ViTs can yield competitive performance when properly trained on massive data. However, the computational overhead of ViTs remains prohibitive, due to stacking multi-head self-attention modules and else. Compared to the vast literature and prevailing success in compressing ...Sep 19, 2022 · Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN. 2 code implementations • ICLR 2022 Motivated by this success, we explore a Vector-quantized Image Modeling (VIM) approach that involves pretraining a Transformer to predict rasterized image tokens autoregressively. The concept is build upon two stages. The first stage learns in an autoencoder-like fashion by encoding images into a low-dimensional latent space, then applying vector quantization by making use of a codebook. Afterwards, the quantized latent vectors are projected back to the original image space by using a decoder.Image encoders compress an image into smaller dimensions, sometimes even quantized into a discrete space (such as the VQGAN from taming-transformers used in Craiyon). In this article, we try to reproduce the results from ViT-VQGAN (" Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN ") and experiment with further adaptations.But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization techniques to yield improved performance on image generation and image understanding tasks.We first propose multiple improvements over vanilla VQGAN from architecture to codebook learning, yielding better efficiency and reconstruction fidelity. The improved ViT-VQGAN further improves vector-quantized image modeling tasks, including unconditional, class-conditioned image generation and unsupervised representation learning.But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN Jiahui Yu, Xin Li, Jing Yu Koh, Han Zhang, Ruoming Pang, James Qin, Alexander Ku, Yuanzhong Xu, Jason Baldridge, Yonghui Wu ICLR 2022. BEiT v2: Masked Image Modeling with Vector-Quantized Visual Tokenizers Zhiliang Peng, Li Dong, Hangbo Bao, Qixiang Ye, Furu Wei arXiv 2022.VQ-Diffusion. Vector Quantized Diffusion (VQ-Diffusion) is a conditional latent diffusion model developed by the University of Science and Technology of China and Microsoft. Unlike most commonly studied diffusion models, VQ-Diffusion's noising and denoising processes operate on a quantized latent space, i.e., the latent space is composed of a ...The release weight of ViT-VQGAN small which is trained on ImageNet at here; 16/08. First release weight of ViT-VQGAN base which is trained on ImageNet at here; Add an colab notebook at here; About The Project. This is an unofficial implementation of both ViT-VQGAN and RQ-VAE in Pytorch. ViT-VQGAN is a simple ViT-based Vector Quantized ...Described as “a bunch of Python that can take words and make pictures based on trained data sets," VQGANs (Vector Quantized Generative Adversarial Networks) pit neural networks against one another to synthesize “plausible” images. Much coverage has been on the unsettling applications of GANs, but they also have benign uses. Hands-on access through a simplified front-end helps us develop ...Vector-quantized image modeling with improved vqgan J Yu, X Li, JY Koh, H Zhang, R Pang, J Qin, A Ku, Y Xu, J Baldridge, Y Wu The Tenth International Conference on Learning Representations , 20211 code implementation • 29 May 2023 • Zi Wang , Alexander Ku , Jason Baldridge , Thomas L. Griffiths , Been Kim. Our experiments show it can (1) probe a model's representations of concepts even with a very small number of examples, (2) accurately measure both epistemic uncertainty (how confident the probe is) and aleatory uncertainty (how ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end. VQGAN is an improved version of this that introduces an ...Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN maj 17, 2022 ... Image-Text Pre-training with Contrastive Captioners ... Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ...Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN. Pretraining language models with next-token prediction on massive text corpora has delivered phenomenal zero-shot, few-shot, transfer learning and multi-tasking capabilities on both generative and discriminative language tasks.and Yonghui Wu. Vector-quantized image modeling with improved vqgan. arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.04627, 2021.3 [10]Chuanxia Zheng, Long Tung Vuong, Jianfei Cai, and Dinh Phung. Movq: Modulating quantized vectors for high-fidelity image generation.arXiv preprint arXiv:2209.09002, 2022.3Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end. VQGAN is an improved version of this that introduces an ...Motivated by this success, we explore a Vector-quantized Image Modeling (VIM) approach that involves pretraining a Transformer to predict rasterized image tokens autoregressively. The discrete image tokens are encoded from a learned Vision-Transformer-based VQGAN (ViT-VQGAN).Image encoders compress an image into smaller dimensions, sometimes even quantized into a discrete space (such as the VQGAN from taming-transformers used in Craiyon). In this article, we try to reproduce the results from ViT-VQGAN (" Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN ") and experiment with further adaptations.Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN Yu, Jiahui ; Li, Xin ; Koh, Jing Yu ; Zhang, Han ; Pang, Ruoming ; Qin, James ; Ku, Alexander ; Xu, Yuanzhong The Vector-Quantized (VQ) codebook is first introduced in VQVAE , which aims to learn discrete priors to encode images. The following work VQGAN proposes a perceptual codebook by further using perceptual loss and adversarial training objectives . We briefly describe the VQGAN model with its codebook in this section, and more details can be ...Motivated by this success, we explore a Vector-quantized Image Modeling (VIM) approach that involves pretraining a Transformer to predict rasterized image tokens autoregressively. The discrete image tokens are encoded from a learned Vision-Transformer-based VQGAN (ViT-VQGAN).Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN Jiahui Yu, Xin Li, Jing Yu Koh, Han Zhang, Ruoming Pang, James Qin, Alex Ku, Yuanzhong Xu, Jason Baldridge, Yonghui Wu ICLR 2022 / Google AI Blog. SimVLM: Simple Visual Language Model Pretraining with Weak Supervision Zirui Wang, Jiahui Yu, Adams Wei Yu, Zihang Dai, Yulia Tsvetkov, Yuan CaoBut while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN Jiahui Yu, Xin Li, Jing Yu Koh, Han Zhang, Ruoming Pang, James Qin, Alexander Ku, Yuanzhong Xu, Jason Baldridge, Yonghui Wu ICLR 2022. BEiT v2: Masked Image Modeling with Vector-Quantized Visual Tokenizers Zhiliang Peng, Li Dong, Hangbo Bao, Qixiang Ye, Furu Wei arXiv 2022.In “ Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN ”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization techniques to yield improved performance on image generation and image understanding tasks. In the first stage, an image quantization model, called VQGAN, encodes an image into lower-dimensional discrete ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...This strategy can naturally tap into the rich body of prior work on large language models, which have seen continued advances in capabilities and performance through scaling data and model sizes. Our approach is simple: First, Parti uses a Transformer-based image tokenizer, ViT-VQGAN, to encode images as sequences of discrete tokens.Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization techniques to yield improved performance on image generation and image understanding tasks.
But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization .... Servizi
But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN Yu, Jiahui ; Li, Xin ; Koh, Jing Yu ; Zhang, Han ; Pang, Ruoming ; Qin, James ; Ku, Alexander ; Xu, Yuanzhong But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Image-Text Pre-training with Contrastive Captioners ... 2022 Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN May 17, 2022 Contextual Rephrasing in Google ...Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN Yu, Jiahui ; Li, Xin ; Koh, Jing Yu ; Zhang, Han ; Pang, Ruoming ; Qin, James ; Ku, Alexander ; Xu, YuanzhongVector-Quantized Image Modeling with ViT-VQGAN. One recent, commonly used model that quantizes images into integer tokens is the Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQVAE), a CNN-based auto-encoder whose latent space is a matrix of discrete learnable variables, trained end-to-end.But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ...Semantic image synthesis enables control over unconditional image generation by allowing guidance on what is being generated. We conditionally synthesize the latent space from a vector quantized model (VQ-model) pre-trained to autoencode images. Instead of training an autoregressive Transformer on separately learned conditioning latents and ...Vision transformers (ViTs) have gained popularity recently. Even without customized image operators such as convolutions, ViTs can yield competitive performance when properly trained on massive data. However, the computational overhead of ViTs remains prohibitive, due to stacking multi-head self-attention modules and else. Compared to the vast literature and prevailing success in compressing ...But while such models have achieved strong performance for image generation, few studies have evaluated the learned representation for downstream discriminative tasks (such as image classification). In “Vector-Quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN”, we propose a two-stage model that reconceives traditional image quantization ....