Japanese translator firefox - Online Japanese Translation service offers an instant translation of words, text and phrases between Japanese and other 50 languages. Translation by ImTranslator is the best way to get an instant translation to and from Japanese language to convey your message to your friends or partners, or if you travel in foreign countries and want to ...

 
Activate the extension by clicking the 理 icon in the top right. When the introductory pop up appears, rikaikun is ready for action. When it's activated, when you hover over Japanese words they'll be translated in a pop up. If you hit shift/enter, you'll see some information about the first Kanji. Press 'd' to hide the English definitions ... . Garrett sykes funeral service obituaries

Online Translation service is intended to provide an instant translation of words, phrases and texts in many languages. Whenever you need a translation tool to communicate with friends, relatives or business partners, travel abroad, or learn languages, our Web Translation by ImTranslator is always here to assist you.To make Japanese characters display correctly in Internet Explorer try the following steps: INSTANT English -> Japanese translation - FREE! In Microsoft Windows enable Japanese text display. Windows XP: Start menu -> Control Panel -> Date, Time, Language, and Regional Options -> Languages tab -> Install East Asian Languages -> Apply -> OK.This manga Translator is an easy to use, no sign up needed, and free* extension. Currently we support following language translation: - From: Japanese, Chinese and Korean - To: English, French, German, Malay and more. What’s included? ~ Free - The free version of Manga Translator includes - Limited premium translations - 80 per week - Limited ...Mozilla added various tweaks to the feature ever since. The organization outlined its plan to improve PiP mode in January 2022, and the first of those improvements has now landed in the Firefox Nightly channel. The latest version of the browser brings support for an important feature, subtitles. Subtitles and closed captions are an underrated ...This free online tool lets you instantly translate any text in Japanese. You can also use the Japanese translator to translate Web pages as you surf the Web in Japanese or any other language of your choice. Rely on SYSTRAN products for quick and accurate Japanese translation. SYSTRAN’s software is the choice of leading search engines, Fortune ... Firefox Translations is awesome 😍. A few years ago now, the European Union funded a project called Bergamot, which was trying to achieve client-side, private, ai-powered machine translation. I remember being really excited about it at the time, but then the project went quiet and I thought it had died. But today I discovered the Firefox ...For practical translation purposes, I guess a two-step pipeline would be most useful. The first step would extract text and clean out the original text, with a mapping to the source location. A human (or machine) would read the text and translate. The second step would auto-insert the translations into the source boxes. Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. Open your browser, like Internet Explorer or Firefox. At the top of your browser, select View Encoding (Internet Explorer) or Text Encoding (Safari, Firefox). From the list, choose the language you want to use. Does firefox have a 'manga translate add on'? Not from Japanese to English. I'd like a translator from other languages to English. I do know that there exist plenty translator add ons but those translator do not recognize bubble texts. Idk if something like that exists, but look for "OCR translator". OCR is text recognition in images and manga ... Here's how it works: 1- Select your preferred language from the options available. 2- Click the "Start" button to activate the translation feature. 3- Double-click or (press the Ctrl key and left-click) on any element to translate it instantly.For practical translation purposes, I guess a two-step pipeline would be most useful. The first step would extract text and clean out the original text, with a mapping to the source location. A human (or machine) would read the text and translate. The second step would auto-insert the translations into the source boxes. Open your browser, like Internet Explorer or Firefox. At the top of your browser, select View Encoding (Internet Explorer) or Text Encoding (Safari, Firefox). From the list, choose the language you want to use. Furigana (振り仮名) is chrome extension that convert kanji (japanese text) to furigana, that is a japanese text with small hints above each word how to pronounce it. For known words it also displays english meaning of the word. It uses my own dictionary-based kanji tokenizer. Data are from EDICT dictionary plus my own data.# saves singular image into /result folder for demonstration purposes # `--use-cuda` is optional, if you have a compatible NVIDIA GPU, you can use it. # use `--use-cuda-limited` to defer vram expensive language translations to the cpu # use `--inpainter=none` to disable inpainting. # use `--translator=<translator>` to specify a translator ...Unusable. Never once it recognized a word on any picture and i don't even mean pictures with Japanese or Chinese words, it can't even recognize English. For some reason it does like to recognize eyes as a letters or symbols, also sometimes it has a problem with even detecting a picture as something it should be working with. 1/10 raw, pre alpha ...With our free Japanese translation tool you can translate Japanese to and from any of the supported languages, listen to the Japanese voice using our text-to-speech tool, practice pronunciation by following the Japanese text on the screen. If you speak the Japanese language, you will be able to easily translate Japanese, communicate with people ... This online translator provides translations for words, short texts, phrases and idioms in French, Spanish, Italian, German, Russian, Portuguese, Hebrew and Japanese. Translation tools include: translation memory such as Across, Trados, SDL, Dejà Vu, as well as instant translation systems and machine translation like Reverso, BabelFish, Systran.Jul 20, 2023 · About this extension. Firefox Translations provides automated translation of web content. Unlike cloud-based alternatives, translation is done locally, on the client-side, so that the text being translated does not leave your machine. It can be installed on Firefox for Android Nightly or Beta by following these steps. v1.0 - 20.08.2012. This translator is intended to look up Japanese words by their pronunciation. It does so using the excellent dictionary at jisho.org. To input words, write their latin transcription based on the Hepburn Romanization. Multiple words, separated by space, can be searched simultaneously. This online translator provides translations for words, short texts, phrases and idioms in French, Spanish, Italian, German, Russian, Portuguese, Hebrew and Japanese. Translation tools include: translation memory such as Across, Trados, SDL, Dejà Vu, as well as instant translation systems and machine translation like Reverso, BabelFish, Systran.The image below shows how the words "Japan" and "name" appear when automatically translated into Japanese by the Google toolbar. After downloading and installing Firefox and the toolbar, automatic translation of English into Chinese can be activated by selecting “Enable WordTranslator” from the Translate menu. A complete dictionary search. Get results from both the General dictionary and the Collaborative one through one single interface! As we try to make it easy for you to translate into Japanese the English words and expressions, you are given the possibility to see synonyms of a word, conjugate it and obtain the word pronunciation, or even add another meaning to the English-Japanese dictionary ... Oct 14, 2022 · wiryaimd / manga-translator. Star 43. Code. Issues. Pull requests. Automatically translate Manga/Manhwa/Manhua or other Comics to any languages (Android) android translation manga comics webtoon manga-translator manhwa manhua. Updated on Dec 12, 2022. Java. Translation assist. It can call a variety of machine translation engines. Here is a screenshot showing the results of different machine translation engines of a Japanese sentence. We can compare the results and choose the best one. ChatGPT provides the best translation for this sentence. Oct 14, 2022 · wiryaimd / manga-translator. Star 43. Code. Issues. Pull requests. Automatically translate Manga/Manhwa/Manhua or other Comics to any languages (Android) android translation manga comics webtoon manga-translator manhwa manhua. Updated on Dec 12, 2022. Java. Nathan P Appel ( アペル・ネイセン ) Specialties. Electrical engineering, electronics, optics, and software 電子工学、電子機器、光学およびソフトウェア. Background. I am a freelance translator and editor with experience in a variety of fields, including electrical engineering, government publications, business reports ...Nathan P Appel ( アペル・ネイセン ) Specialties. Electrical engineering, electronics, optics, and software 電子工学、電子機器、光学およびソフトウェア. Background. I am a freelance translator and editor with experience in a variety of fields, including electrical engineering, government publications, business reports ... A complete dictionary search. Get results from both the General dictionary and the Collaborative one through one single interface! As we try to make it easy for you to translate into Japanese the English words and expressions, you are given the possibility to see synonyms of a word, conjugate it and obtain the word pronunciation, or even add another meaning to the English-Japanese dictionary ...ImTranslator v. 10.52 extension for Firefox 56 and older. This is an outdated version compatible with Firefox 1.0 - 56.* Those users who still prefer using the old versions of Firefox 56.* and earlier, we provide the link to download ImTranslator v.10.52 compatible with the older versions of Firefox. In the toolbar popup, translate the input text in real time. If you enable "Automatically switch to the second language" option, you can do : When English is input, it is translated into Japanese, and when Japanese is input, it is translated into English. You can also translate from the context menu.Add-on Installation. To install the Google Translator for Firefox or any translator add-on, open your Firefox browser and click on the "Tools" menu at the top of the screen. Select "Add-ons" from the drop-down menu, which will open the Firefox Add-On Manager. Type "translator" in the search box to find a list of translation add-ons. TIL: You can translate text inside images using google lens, but only if you are on Chrome (or you set firefox's agent string to Chrome's) Turns out, that the google image search will give you an option to translate the text (as opposed of just doing a reverse image search) in desktop, only if you are using google chrome.08-03-2023 03:56 AM. Jeppie said he uses Google Translate to translate Japanese websites. And many Japanese rely on Google Translate to read websites in English and other languages. But we are eager to translate without relying on Google. We hope that Firefox Translattions will save us from such a situation.Online Japanese Translation service offers an instant translation of words, text and phrases between Japanese and other 50 languages. Translation by ImTranslator is the best way to get an instant translation to and from Japanese language to convey your message to your friends or partners, or if you travel in foreign countries and want to ...ImTranslator provides the most convenient access to the online translation services powered by various online translators: Translator, Google™ Translate and Microsoft® Translator. The ImTranslator tool includes online translator, dictionary, text-to-speech in a variety of languages, multilingual virtual keyboard, spell checker, Russian ... English to Japanese translation by Lingvanex translation software will help you to get a fulminant translation of words, phrases, and texts from English to Japanese and more than 110 other languages. Use Lingvanex applications to quickly and instantly translate an Japanese English text for free.Japanese Translation service by ImTranslator offers online translations from and to Japanese language for over 160 other languages. Japanese Translation tool includes Japanese online translator, text-to-speech voices for most popular languages, multilingual on-screen keyboard, back translation, email service and much more. ImTranslator Features: Translation of words, phrases and text between more than 100 languages Multiple translation providers (Google, Microsoft Bing, Translator, Yandex) Translator and Dictionary modes Web page Translation - Translate entire web pages with just one click.Radical multiple lookup. Not a lot of context. 2. Jisho. Available on: Browser. Price: FREE. Jisho is another popular Japanese translator that’s very easy to use and has its own set of features. You can search for translations by drawing kanji or by verbally saying a word or phrase like “yes” or “no” in Japanese.Mar 22, 2023 · Highlight or right-click on a section of text and click on Translate icon next to it to translate it to your language. Or, to translate the entire page you're visiting, click the translate icon on the browser toolbar. Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. Nov 18, 2019 · Translate a webpage in Firefox To add a new language- 01.Click on the menu button on the top right corner of your browser 02.Go to Preferences 03.Then click on ‘Choose in the Language and Appearance section’. 04.Select any language you want and click OK. For translation in Firefox,have to install the Firefox Translation extensions. Firefox Translations is awesome 😍. A few years ago now, the European Union funded a project called Bergamot, which was trying to achieve client-side, private, ai-powered machine translation. I remember being really excited about it at the time, but then the project went quiet and I thought it had died. But today I discovered the Firefox ...The image below shows how the words "Japan" and "name" appear when automatically translated into Japanese by the Google toolbar. After downloading and installing Firefox and the toolbar, automatic translation of English into Chinese can be activated by selecting “Enable WordTranslator” from the Translate menu.A complete dictionary search. Get results from both the General dictionary and the Collaborative one through one single interface! As we try to make it easy for you to translate into Japanese the English words and expressions, you are given the possibility to see synonyms of a word, conjugate it and obtain the word pronunciation, or even add another meaning to the English-Japanese dictionary ...Open your browser, like Internet Explorer or Firefox. At the top of your browser, select View Encoding (Internet Explorer) or Text Encoding (Safari, Firefox). From the list, choose the language you want to use. ImTranslator v. 10.52 extension for Firefox 56 and older. This is an outdated version compatible with Firefox 1.0 - 56.* Those users who still prefer using the old versions of Firefox 56.* and earlier, we provide the link to download ImTranslator v.10.52 compatible with the older versions of Firefox. May 8, 2020 · Unusable. Never once it recognized a word on any picture and i don't even mean pictures with Japanese or Chinese words, it can't even recognize English. For some reason it does like to recognize eyes as a letters or symbols, also sometimes it has a problem with even detecting a picture as something it should be working with. 1/10 raw, pre alpha ... Translate real-time conversations, menus and street signs while offline, websites, documents, and more using the Translator apps. Globalize your business and customer interactions by translating text and speech using the Translator API and Speech service, both in the Azure Cognitive Services family. Create a more inclusive classroom for both ...You would definitely need the ability to communicate in foreign languages to understand the mind and context of that other culture. Japanese to English translation service by ImTranslator will assist you in getting an instant translation of words, phrases and texts from Japanese to English and other languages.Aug 2, 2023 · Mozilla Firefox is bringing an automatic translator for websites. The feature is currently available in Firefox 117 beta. This feature has existed in Chrome for ages, but unlike Google's browser, which sends the data to its servers, Firefox's automatic translation feature uses on-device translation. The latter is much better for your privacy ... Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. TIL: You can translate text inside images using google lens, but only if you are on Chrome (or you set firefox's agent string to Chrome's) Turns out, that the google image search will give you an option to translate the text (as opposed of just doing a reverse image search) in desktop, only if you are using google chrome.What's New Privacy How to add the translate add-on to Firefox By default, Firefox does not come with translation features. However, you can easily add such a feature by installing an add-on of your choice. Language support extensions You can explore language support extensions on addons.mozilla.org. Language Support ExtensionsAdd-on Installation. To install the Google Translator for Firefox or any translator add-on, open your Firefox browser and click on the "Tools" menu at the top of the screen. Select "Add-ons" from the drop-down menu, which will open the Firefox Add-On Manager. Type "translator" in the search box to find a list of translation add-ons. Mar 17, 2022 · Mozilla added various tweaks to the feature ever since. The organization outlined its plan to improve PiP mode in January 2022, and the first of those improvements has now landed in the Firefox Nightly channel. The latest version of the browser brings support for an important feature, subtitles. Subtitles and closed captions are an underrated ... Firefox Translations is awesome 😍. A few years ago now, the European Union funded a project called Bergamot, which was trying to achieve client-side, private, ai-powered machine translation. I remember being really excited about it at the time, but then the project went quiet and I thought it had died. But today I discovered the Firefox ... Get iTranslate Translator on Google Play, App Store. 4) Naver Papago- Al Translator. Naver Papago is another good Japanese voice translator that I can suggest. A cute and smart parrot or Papago, translates the language for you. This app supports 12 other languages besides Japanese. Features. Real time text and voice translation. Works offline ...Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages.Firefox ブラウザー が 100 か国以上から日本語などに直接翻訳、さらに簡単になりました。 メニュー Firefox をダウンロードManga Translator for Japanese, Chinese, and Korean. Translates manga automatically. Supports PDF, ZIP, CBZ, and more.In the Menu bar at the top of the screen, click Firefox and select Preferences.Click the menu button and select Settings. In the Language section of the General panel, click Search for more languages in the drop-down menu. Click Select more languages to add and choose the languages you want to add, then click the Add button. Hi every one best setting for this Software for fast translate and crash bug and popup window 1.(Crash : Menu Recognition : library version: Compatible , Menu Translation single translator timeout set to 12 secs) 2.(Fast translate : Menu Translation just check Google_api.js (And remember, the program has a bug.Control-click the selected text, then choose Translate. From the language pop-up menus, choose the language of the text you’re translating (if necessary) and the language you want to translate it into. If you don’t designate a language, your Mac translates into your preferred language (if supported) or into a default language for your region.Yandex Translate is a free online translation tool that allows you to translate text, documents, and images in over 90 languages. In addition to translation, Yandex Translate also offers a comprehensive dictionary with meanings, synonyms, and examples of usage for words and phrases.Radical multiple lookup. Not a lot of context. 2. Jisho. Available on: Browser. Price: FREE. Jisho is another popular Japanese translator that’s very easy to use and has its own set of features. You can search for translations by drawing kanji or by verbally saying a word or phrase like “yes” or “no” in Japanese.Take a picture and translate any text in the image. • Voice Translator. Say a phrase in one language and translate it to another. • Text Translator. Type or copy text and generate accurate translations. • Japanese English Dictionary with over 2,740,000 offline entries. Includes numerous translations, usage examples, part-of-speech & images.Jun 22, 2023 · SubTrans - General Subtitle Translator Suite. Subtitles For YouTube. 527. YouTube™ dual subtitles. Video CC translator. Japanese-English translation search engine, Japanese words and expressions translated into English with examples of use in both languages. Conjugation for English verbs, pronunciation of Japanese examples, Japanese-English phrasebook. Download our app to keep history offline. Discover all the exciting features of Reverso Context, the AI-based ...Here's how it works: 1- Select your preferred language from the options available. 2- Click the "Start" button to activate the translation feature. 3- Double-click or (press the Ctrl key and left-click) on any element to translate it instantly.Tech giants Google, Microsoft and Facebook are all applying the lessons of machine learning to translation, but a small company called DeepL has outdone them all and raised the bar for the field. Its translation tool is just as quick as the outsized competition, but more accurate and nuanced than any we’ve tried. TechCrunch USAOct 18, 2021 · YouTube now allows you to Translate any YouTube video into your own language. This is a game changer for anyone speaking a different language or needing subt... v1.0 - 20.08.2012. This translator is intended to look up Japanese words by their pronunciation. It does so using the excellent dictionary at jisho.org. To input words, write their latin transcription based on the Hepburn Romanization. Multiple words, separated by space, can be searched simultaneously. S3.Translator was a popular translation extension for Firefox but it seemed discontinued some time ago. The developer of the extension released an update last month that brought the extension back from the dead. Considered one of the better translate add-ons for Firefox, reason enough to take a look at it.How to translate selection. Select the text and: click ImTranslator extension button on the Firefox toolbar to run ImTranslator standalone application (Ctrl+Alt+Z) click ImTranslator floating button to run Pop-up Bubble Translator (Alt) choose a preferred translator from the Firefox Tools, ImTranslator menu.Sep 2, 2021 · Furigana (振り仮名) is chrome extension that convert kanji (japanese text) to furigana, that is a japanese text with small hints above each word how to pronounce it. For known words it also displays english meaning of the word. It uses my own dictionary-based kanji tokenizer. Data are from EDICT dictionary plus my own data. And since it works fine in other browsers, it makes me think it's an FF issue and not the site's. The translator shows the text you inputted in the first two boxes, the third one shows the text translated into romaji and the fourth one the English translation. This free online tool lets you instantly translate any text in Japanese. You can also use the Japanese translator to translate Web pages as you surf the Web in Japanese or any other language of your choice. Rely on SYSTRAN products for quick and accurate Japanese translation. SYSTRAN’s software is the choice of leading search engines, Fortune ...Microsoft Edge Add-ons. To install add-ons, you'll need the new Microsoft Edge. Download the new Microsoft Edge. .Microsoft Edge Add-ons. To install add-ons, you'll need the new Microsoft Edge. Download the new Microsoft Edge. . 1 Review 5 Stars 5 1 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 Screenshots About this extension For learn japanese, work in all website. Select text and double click to translate. Mazii is instant dictionary for people studying Japanese . Help you translate from Japanese into your language quickly with just one mouse click .Highlight or right-click on a section of text and click on Translate icon next to it to translate it to your language. Or, to translate the entire page you're visiting, click the translate icon on the browser toolbar.Hi every one best setting for this Software for fast translate and crash bug and popup window 1.(Crash : Menu Recognition : library version: Compatible , Menu Translation single translator timeout set to 12 secs) 2.(Fast translate : Menu Translation just check Google_api.js (And remember, the program has a bug.The Translation Comparison extension translates words, phrases and texts, and compares the translation results between various online translation providers: Google Translate, Microsoft Bing Translator, Yandex Translator and Translator. The Translation Comparison tool translates between 90 languages and displays the translations side-by-side.You would definitely need the ability to communicate in foreign languages to understand the mind and context of that other culture. Japanese to English translation service by ImTranslator will assist you in getting an instant translation of words, phrases and texts from Japanese to English and other languages.Jul 13, 2022 · Radical multiple lookup. Not a lot of context. 2. Jisho. Available on: Browser. Price: FREE. Jisho is another popular Japanese translator that’s very easy to use and has its own set of features. You can search for translations by drawing kanji or by verbally saying a word or phrase like “yes” or “no” in Japanese. Download 10ten Japanese Reader (Rikaichamp) for Firefox. Quickly translate Japanese by hovering over words. Formerly released as Rikaichamp.And since it works fine in other browsers, it makes me think it's an FF issue and not the site's. The translator shows the text you inputted in the first two boxes, the third one shows the text translated into romaji and the fourth one the English translation.Mar 22, 2023 · Highlight or right-click on a section of text and click on Translate icon next to it to translate it to your language. Or, to translate the entire page you're visiting, click the translate icon on the browser toolbar. Firefox ブラウザー が 100 か国以上から日本語などに直接翻訳、さらに簡単になりました。 メニュー Firefox をダウンロード

Free English to Japanese translator with audio. Translate words, phrases and sentences. . Gcss mc

japanese translator firefox

Translate a webpage in Firefox To add a new language- 01.Click on the menu button on the top right corner of your browser 02.Go to Preferences 03.Then click on ‘Choose in the Language and Appearance section’. 04.Select any language you want and click OK. For translation in Firefox,have to install the Firefox Translation extensions.# saves singular image into /result folder for demonstration purposes # `--use-cuda` is optional, if you have a compatible NVIDIA GPU, you can use it. # use `--use-cuda-limited` to defer vram expensive language translations to the cpu # use `--inpainter=none` to disable inpainting. # use `--translator=<translator>` to specify a translator ...With our free Japanese translation tool you can translate Japanese to and from any of the supported languages, listen to the Japanese voice using our text-to-speech tool, practice pronunciation by following the Japanese text on the screen. If you speak the Japanese language, you will be able to easily translate Japanese, communicate with people ...Add-on Installation. To install the Google Translator for Firefox or any translator add-on, open your Firefox browser and click on the "Tools" menu at the top of the screen. Select "Add-ons" from the drop-down menu, which will open the Firefox Add-On Manager. Type "translator" in the search box to find a list of translation add-ons. A complete dictionary search. Get results from both the General dictionary and the Collaborative one through one single interface! As we try to make it easy for you to translate into Japanese the English words and expressions, you are given the possibility to see synonyms of a word, conjugate it and obtain the word pronunciation, or even add another meaning to the English-Japanese dictionary ... This is an absolute lifesaver. While I wish there was a slightly more comprehensive tutorial and list of commands in the options menu (I only discovered the names dictionary after coming back to the store page many months later), it does everything it needs to do and packs in so much functionality!TIL: You can translate text inside images using google lens, but only if you are on Chrome (or you set firefox's agent string to Chrome's) Turns out, that the google image search will give you an option to translate the text (as opposed of just doing a reverse image search) in desktop, only if you are using google chrome. Does firefox have a 'manga translate add on'? Not from Japanese to English. I'd like a translator from other languages to English. I do know that there exist plenty translator add ons but those translator do not recognize bubble texts. Idk if something like that exists, but look for "OCR translator". OCR is text recognition in images and manga ... How to translate selection. Select the text and: click ImTranslator extension button on the Firefox toolbar to run ImTranslator standalone application (Ctrl+Alt+Z) click ImTranslator floating button to run Pop-up Bubble Translator (Alt) choose a preferred translator from the Firefox Tools, ImTranslator menu.Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages.TIL: You can translate text inside images using google lens, but only if you are on Chrome (or you set firefox's agent string to Chrome's) Turns out, that the google image search will give you an option to translate the text (as opposed of just doing a reverse image search) in desktop, only if you are using google chrome.The image below shows how the words "Japan" and "name" appear when automatically translated into Japanese by the Google toolbar. After downloading and installing Firefox and the toolbar, automatic translation of English into Chinese can be activated by selecting “Enable WordTranslator” from the Translate menu.The trusted Japanese Translation Company . Over 20,000 happy clients worldwide have used our Japanese Translation Service in the last decade. Our client satisfaction rate stands at 99.45%. Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. Sep 2, 2021 · Furigana (振り仮名) is chrome extension that convert kanji (japanese text) to furigana, that is a japanese text with small hints above each word how to pronounce it. For known words it also displays english meaning of the word. It uses my own dictionary-based kanji tokenizer. Data are from EDICT dictionary plus my own data. .

Popular Topics